[2]
Voorbeelden van onderzoek uit de psychologie, economie en politicologie waarbij het fysieke voorkomen de verkiezigen voorspelt: Ballew en Todorov
(2007); Banducci et (2008); Benjamin en Shapiro (2009); Berggren et al (2010); Lawson et al (2010); Olivola en Todorov (2010); Poutvaara (2014);
Rule et al (2010).
Referenties
Antonakis, J., & Dalgas, O. (2009). Predicting Elections: Child’s Play! Science 323, no. 5918: 1183.
Ballew, C.C., & Todorov, A. (2007). Predicting Political Elections from Rapid and Unreflective Face Judgments. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104, 17948-17953.
Banducci, S.A., Karp, J.A., Thrasher, M., & Rallings, C. (2008). Ballot Photographs as Cues in Low-information Elections. Political Psychology, 29, 903-917.
Benjamin, D. J., & Shapiro, J.M. (2009). Thin-Slice Forecasts of Gubernatorial Elections. Review of Economics and Statistics., 91, 523-536.
Berggren, N., Jordahl, H., & Poutvaara, P. (2010). The Looks of a Winner: Beauty and Electoral Success.Journal of Public Economics, 94, 8-15.
Collier, P., & Hoeffler, A. (2015). Do Elections Matter for Economic Performance? Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 77, 1-21.
Converse, P. E. (1964). The Nature of Belief Systems in Mass Publics. In: Ideology and Discontent, ed. D.E. Apter, 206–261. New York: MacMillan.
Fair, R.C. (1978). The Effect of Economic Events on Votes for President. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 60, 159-173.
Garretsen, H. J.I. Stoker, R. Alessie, en J. Lammers (2014). Simply a Matter of Luck & Looks? Predicting Elections when Both the World Economy and the Psychology of Faces Count, CESifo Working Paper , nr 4857, CESifo, Munich,
Lawson, C. , Lenz, G.S., Baker, A., & Myers, M. (2010). Looking Like a Winner: Candidate Appearance and Electoral Success in New Democracies. World Politics, 62, 561-93.
Leigh, A.(2009). Does the World Economy Swing National Elections? Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 71, 163-181.
Olivola, C.Y., & Todorov, A. (2010). Elected in 100 Milliseconds: Appearance-Based Trait Inferences and Voting. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 34, 83-110.
Poutvaara, P. (2014). Facial Appearance and Leadership: An Overview and Challenges for New Research. The Leadership Quarterly, 25, 801-804.
Rule, N.O., Ambady, N., Adams, R.B., Ozono, H., Nakashima, S., Yoshikawa, S., & Watabe, M. (2010). Polling the Face: Prediction and Consensus across Cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98, 1-15.